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MEDICAL RESEARCH HISTORY Here is a collection of medical research history. ANCIENT MEDICINEThe history of medicine is a long and distinguished one, as healers sought to alleviate illnesses and fix injuries since the dawn of humanity. Ancient Medicine includes shamen and pagan priests used a blend of rituals and medical techniques, to cure ailments.ISLAMIC MEDICINEThe Islamic Golden Age, spanning the 8th to the 15th Centuries, saw many great advances in science, as Islamic scholars gathered knowledge from across the known world and added their own findings. One of these important fields was Islamic medicine, which saw medical practice begin to resemble our modern systems.ANDREAS VESALIUS AND MODERN HUMAN ANATOMYBefore Andreas Vesalius, the human anatomy was not learned by studying or dissecting bodies. Much of the knowledge was fictional, chiefly contributed by Galen over a millennium ago.DISCOVERY OF PASTEURIZATIONLouis Pasteur is regarded as one of the greatest saviors of humanity. He made numerous discoveries but he is best remembered for his advocation of the germs theory and the following discovery of pasteurization.DISCOVERY OF BACTERIAAntony van Leeuwenhoek is regarded as the father of microbiology. Van Leeuwenhoek is known for the discovery of bacteria.SEMMELWEIS AND HAND WASHINGIgnaz Semmelweis introduced hand washing standards after discovering that the occurrence of puerperal fever could be prevented by practicing hand disinfection in obstetrical clinics. He believed that microbes causing infection were readily transferred from patients to patients, medical staff to patients and vice versa.EDWARD JENNER AND DEVELOPMENT OF VACCINATIONEdward Jenner developed and generalized the vaccination technique against the dreadful smallpox disease. Although he did not originate the idea of cowpox attack to confer immunity against smallpox, yet it was his experiments and investigations which transformed a traditional belief into standard procedure to save innumerable millions of lives.THE HISTORY OF ANESTHESIAResearch on modern techniques to reduce surgical pain began when an English scientist Joseph Priestley (1733-1804) discovered that inhalation of nitrous oxide might relieve pain. This introduced the development of modern anesthesia.THE DISCOVERY OF X-RAY BEAMSWhile Wilhelm Conrad Roentgen was experimenting, he observed that certain rays were emitted during the passing of the current through discharge tube. This discovery lead to the development of the X-ray.THE DISCOVERY OF ANTIBIOTICSAs a result of some intelligent serendipity, Alexander Fleming stumbled on discovering penicillin.WHO DISCOVERED DNA?Wilkins, Crick and Watson got the Nobel Prize for their DNA discovery and development of the DNA theory.HUMAN GENOME PROJECTThe Human Genome Project (HGP) was a collaborative scientific research program on international scale conducted to discover all the chemical base pairs which make up human DNA for further biological studies. Its primary goal was to map and identify both physically and functionally, the approximately 20,00025,000 genes of the human genome.LATEST NOBEL PRIZES IN 'MEDICINE OR PHYSIOLOGY'1996 Nobel Prize in 'Medicine or Physiology'Discoveries of the specificity of the cell mediated immune defenceby Peter C Doherty and Rolf M Zinkernagel 1997 Nobel Prize in 'Medicine or Physiology'Discovery of Prions - a new biological principle of infectionby Stanley B. Prusiner 1998 Nobel Prize in 'Medicine or Physiology'Discoveries of nitric oxide as a signaling molecule in the cardiovascular systemby Robert F. Furchgott, Louis J. Ignarro and Ferid Murad 1999 Nobel Prize in 'Medicine or Physiology'Discovery that proteins have intrinsic signals that govern their transport and localization in the cellby Günter Blobel 2000 Nobel Prize in 'Medicine or Physiology'Discoveries of signal transduction in the nervous systemby Arvid Carlsson, Paul Greengard and Eric R. Kandel 2001 Nobel Prize in 'Medicine or Physiology'Discoveries of key regulators of the cell cycleby Leland H. Hartwell, Tim Hunt and Sir Paul M. Nurse 2002 Nobel Prize in 'Medicine or Physiology'Discoveries concerning 'genetic regulation of organ development and programmed cell death'by Sydney Brenner, H. Robert Horvitz and John E. Sulston 2003 Nobel Prize in 'Medicine or Physiology'Discoveries concerning magnetic resonance imagingby Paul Lauterbur and Sir Peter Mansfield 2004 Nobel Prize in 'Medicine or Physiology'Discoveries of odorant receptors and the organization of the olfactory systemby Richard Axel and Linda B. Buck 2005 Nobel Prize in 'Medicine or Physiology'Discovery of the bacterium Helicobacter pylori and its role in gastritis and peptic ulcer diseaseby Barry J. Marshall and J. Robin Warren 2006 Nobel Prize in 'Medicine or Physiology'Discovery of RNA interference - gene silencing by double-stranded RNAby Andrew Z. Fire and Craig C. Mello 2007 Nobel Prize in 'Medicine or Physiology'Discoveries of principles for introducing specific gene modifications in mice by the use of embryonic stem cellsby Mario R. Capecchi, Sir Martin J. Evans and Oliver Smithies 2008 Nobel Prize in 'Medicine or Physiology'Discovery of human papilloma viruses causing cervical cancerby Harald zur Hausen Discovery of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV): The Cause of AIDS 2009 Nobel Prize in 'Medicine or Physiology'Discovery of how chromosomes are protected by telomeres and enzyme telomerase.by Elizabeth Blackburn, Carol Greider and Jack Szostak.
Experiment-Resources.com (2010). Medical Research History. Retrieved [Date of Retrieval] from Experiment Resources: http://www.experiment-resources.com/medical-research-history.html |
